Investment in Syria 2026: Opportunities, Frameworks, and Risks

Syria is gradually re-emerging as an area of high interest for investors, driven by new laws, restructuring efforts, and an increasing focus on reconstruction. Understanding the updated legal framework, available incentives, and market challenges is essential for navigating this evolving landscape.

1. Updated Legal Framework & Incentives

Investment Law No. 18 (2021)

Replaced the 2007 decree and introduced:

• Multi-year tax exemptions.

• Customs exemptions for priority sectors.

• Stronger protection of property rights.
  

Presidential Decree No. 114 (2025)

A pivotal reform that:

• Increased transparency in investment procedures.

• Strengthened protection guarantees for foreign investors.

• Introduced flexible incentives tailored to strategic sectors.
  

Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs)

Syria has:

• 45 signed BITs (33 in force).

• Membership in ICSID and the New York Convention. These provide guarantees on fair treatment, free fund transfer, and protection against unlawful expropriation.
  

2. Key Investment Opportunities

Energy

• $7B agreements for gas turbines and solar plants.

• Plans to restart existing plants through international partnerships.

Infrastructure & Logistics

• Ports, airports, bridges, transport networks.

• Major reconstruction of water, telecom, and energy systems.

Healthcare

• High demand for hospitals, equipment, and pharmaceuticals.

Financial Sector

• New regulatory direction aiming to elevate Syria to "emerging market" status.

Telecom & Construction

• Gulf and foreign investors re-entering the market with large-scale commitments.
  

3. Main Challenges for Investors

Economic Uncertainty

Slow recovery, high inflation, and currency depreciation.

Infrastructure Damage

Higher costs due to unreliable electricity, fuel shortages, and damaged networks.

Sanctions & Banking Barriers

Challenges in cross-border transfers and international financing.

Regulatory Ambiguity

Differences in law enforcement between regions and unclear ownership titles.

Reputational & Compliance Risks

Strict due diligence required to avoid sanctioned entities.

Conclusion

Syria presents a unique blend of opportunity and complexity. Success requires careful planning, a grounded understanding of market realities, and alignment with a legal team experienced in navigating local challenges.

Sultans Law Perspective on Syria’s Investment Landscape

At Sultans Law, we view Syria’s transition as a window of strategic opportunity for investors who adopt a long-term approach supported by robust legal planning.

We recommend:

• Structuring investments through BIT-protected jurisdictions.

• Conducting full-scope due diligence covering political, financial, and operational risks.

• Establishing reliable local partnerships.

• Preparing flexible operational models suited to changing market conditions.

Sultans Law stands ready to support investors with end-to-end legal advisory — from market entry and company setup to dispute protection — ensuring a secure and transparent investment journey.